Submission Guidelines
Please go to the Aims & Scope section to obtain an overview before assessing the suitability of your manuscript for this journal. It is crucial to make sure that issues related to publication ethics, copyright, authorship, figure formats, data, and references format have been properly considered in into account. Obtain approval from all authors for the content of the manuscript before submission. To access the content, readers don’t need to pay anything.  Upon article acceptance, authors or their institutions have to pay the Article Processing Charge (APC).

 1. Submission
Manuscripts must be written in good English and should be  submitted through (i) online submission system or (ii) e-mail:  editor@aessweb.com. Manuscripts should be submitted as a single MS-Word file including all materials. The recommended word count for articles is within the range of 5000 to 12000 words. This includes all written content, such as the abstract, references, all text within tables, figures, and appendices. 

2. Title Page
The first page of the manuscript must contain: the full title; the affiliation and full address of all authors and the corresponding author; the second page must contain an abstract of 250 words or less.

3. Abstract
The acceptable range for the length of the abstract is between 200 and 250 words. The abstract should to be one paragraph and follow to the style of structured abstracts, but without headings. 1) Introduction: Provide a comprehensive overview of the topic and emphasize the objective of the research. 2) Methods: Please provide a brief description of the primary methods or approaches employed. 3) Findings: Provide a summary of the primary results presented in the article; and 4) Conclusion: Outline the key conclusions or interpretations drawn from the study.

If relevant to your paper, it is suggested that you include the research limitations/implications, practical implications, and social implications in the abstract.

4. Keywords
It is recommended to include between 3 and 6 relevant keywords following the abstract. It is advisable to use keywords that are both relevant to the article and commonly used within the respective subject area.

5. Abbreviations
Any word or words to be abbreviated should be written in full when first mentioned followed by the abbreviation in parenthesis.

6. Preparing Tables and Figures
Tables: It is advised that all columns in a table include by a descriptive heading. In order to simplify the process of copy-editing larger tables, it may be suitable to utilize smaller font sizes, provided that they do not fall below 8 points in size. It is recommended that authors utilize the table feature in Microsoft Word for the purpose of creating tables.

Figures: It is essential that the figures be inserted into the main body of the text and have a resolution of at least 1000 pixels width/height or a resolution of 300 dpi or higher.  The text within the figures is readable and clearly understandable.

7. References and Citation Policy

References must be listed at the end of the manuscript and numbered in the order that they appear in the text. Every reference referred in the text must also present in the reference list and vice versa. In the text, citations should be indicated by the reference number in brackets [1]. 

[1] B. Nair and R. Taylor-Gjevre, "A Review of Topical Diclofenac Use in Musculoskeletal Disease,"Pharmaceuticals, vol. 3, pp. 1892-1908, 2010.
[2] R. E. Kalman, New results in linear filtering and prediction theory, J. Basic Eng., ser. D, vol. 83, pp. 95-108,1961.
[3] M. Abramowitz and I. A. Stegun, Eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions.Washington, DC: NBS, 1964, pp. 32-33.

Citation Policy:
It is crucial for authors to ensure that any material sourced from external sources, including their own published works, is appropriately cited and that permission is obtained from the relevant authors, where necessary.

It is recommended that authors avoid from doing an excessive amount of self-citation and avoid including references from other publications without having read the cited material.

It is recommended that authors avoid from exhibiting bias towards their own or their acquaintances’, colleagues’, or institution’s publications when citing sources. It is not recommended for authors to include advertisements or advertorial content in their work.

As per the guidelines set forth by COPE, it is expected that any exact text extracted from the works of other researchers be enclosed within quotation marks and accompanied by the relevant citations. This rule also applies to the written work of the author himself or herself. The organization known as COPE published a discussion document regarding citation manipulation, which includes suggestions for best practice.

8. Footnotes
These should be numbered consecutively in the text.

9. Funding, Acknowledgements, Conflicts of Interest and Data Availability Statement
Funding: It is crucial to provide full disclosure of all funding sources for the study, including grants received to support the research work and any funds allocated for publication expense. It is important to note that certain funding sources may not reimburse article processing charges (APC) unless the funder and grant number are accurately and explicitly stated in the publication.

Please include the statement "This research received no external funding," or "This research was funded by [name of funder] grant number [xxx]" and "The APC was funded by [XXX]" in this section. Kindly ensure that the information provided is accurate and uses the standard spelling of funding agency names.

Acknowledgements: In this section, it is possible to express gratitude for any assistance provided that is not included by the author contribution or funding sections. This may include administrative and technical support, or donations in kind (e.g., materials used for experiments).

Conflicts of Interest: It is necessary for authors to share any personal circumstances or interests that could potentially impact the representation or interpretation of reported research findings. In the event that there are no conflicts of interest, kindly indicate "The authors declare no conflict of interest" in this section. However, if the funding sponsors participated a role in the study’s design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript writing, or decision to publish the results, it must be disclosed in this section. In the event that no role was played by the funding sponsors, kindly indicate the following statement: "The funding sponsors did not participate in the study’s design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript writing, and decision to publish the results."

Data Availability Statement: Please provide information in this section regarding where to find of data that supports the reported results. This includes links to publicly archived datasets that were either analyzed or generated during the study. Kindly refer to the recommended Data Availability Statements provided in the specified section. It is advisable to omit this statement in case the study has not presented any data.

10. Ethical Guidelines for the Use of Human Participants in Research

JASR requires all authors to evaluate whether there is any physical or psychological hazard during the conduct of a research which involves human participants, whether patients, volunteers, or healthy individuals. Such research studies may be classified as basic (experimental), clinical, and epidemiological research, prepared as a cohort study, case-control, or cross-sectional. Investigators are required to make a full disclosure about any such risk or hazard that the human participants may be exposed to.  It will be mandatory to obtain informed consent from all such human participants in order to safeguard the welfare and dignity of the participants. Failure to make full disclosure prior to obtaining informed consent might lead to a delay or rejection of the manuscript.   

We do not make any distinction regarding the nature of participation nor categorize participants based on the type of research. The research may be low risk or high risk, but “every” human participant, irrespective of his or her nature of participation, must give the consent of participations prior to the commencement of research. Hence, informed consent shall be required from all human participants and not with any specific type of research or category of participant.

The demographics should also include number, sex, age range and state of health of the human participants. By state of health, we mean that all participants must be in good physical and mental health, capable to take decisions throughout the tenure of the research. This information about participants’ health is required for all studies with human subjects Though payments to healthy volunteers participating in research are allowable, provided that such payment is to reimburse expenses or compensate for time and inconvenience, and is not at a level that would constitute an inducement for people to take part in studies. Such human research should be conducted only with the approval of the institutional ethical committee. The approval of the institutional ethical committee   shall be required for every research submission, irrespective of the participants’ role in the research or whether the participant is paid or not.

References
United States. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical, & Behavioral Research. (1978). The Belmont report: ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research (Vol. 2). Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (Download)

National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research 2007 (Updated 2018). The National Health and Medical Research Council, the Australian Research Council and Universities Australia. Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra. (Download)

Gostin, L. (1991). Ethical principles for the conduct of human subject research: population-based research and ethics. Law, Medicine and Health Care, 19(3-4), 191-201.

Artal, R., & Rubenfeld, S. (2017). Ethical issues in research. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 43, 107-114.

Rice, T. W. (2008). The historical, ethical, and legal background of human-subjects research. Respiratory care, 53(10), 1325-1329.

Childress, J. F., Meslin, E. M., & Shapiro, H. T. (Eds.). (2005). Belmont revisited: Ethical principles for research with human subjects. Georgetown University Press.

https://www.gla.ac.uk/media/Media_515060_smxx.pdf (Download)

11. Ethical Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Research

JASR expects that all authors who make use of live animals ought to have adequate expertise on animals and knowledge about the biology of the specific animal species under research. They should also ensure that other co-researchers and investigators under their supervision are given required instruction about care, maintenance and handling of the animal species. It is expected that research that involves animals should first try to look for other alternatives if same knowledge can be acquired without using laboratory animals. If not feasible, it is advised that researcher should make reasonable efforts to minimize the pain, discomfort, and suffering to animal subjects before and after the experiment. This pain may be caused due to trapping, labelling, anaesthetizing, breeding, transportation, stabling and euthanizing. Suffering will include hunger, pain thirst, malnutrition, abnormal cold or heat, fear, stress, injury, illness and restrictions on the ability to behave normally/naturally.  Such an indispensable use of animals as subjects should be justified by scientific and educational value and benefit to animals, people and environment and the same must be a part of the rationale of the research.  Surgical procedures must also be performed under appropriate anesthesia and to avoid infection and minimize pain. If the life of the animal subject is to be terminated, it must be done with minimal pain and in accordance with accepted procedures and legal framework

It is also expected that all authors must comply with their country’s respective laws and international agreements regarding the use of laboratory animals. The research on animals must not endanger biological diversity of the region nor have any adverse consequences on the natural behavior of the stock and the ecosystem. The use of endangered and vulnerable species must also be reduced to an absolute minimum.  Finally, researchers are responsible for disseminating the negative results of experiments on animals and bring them in public knowledge, in order to inform other researchers not to perform those experiments which are not worth pursuing, and thus help reduce the use of animals in research.

References
https://www.forskningsetikk.no/en/guidelines/science-and-technology/ethical-guidelines-for-the-use-of-animals-in-research/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2002542/
https://www.apa.org/monitor/jan03/animals
http://www.apa.org/science/leadership/care/guidelines.aspx.
Institute of Laboratory Animal Research. (1996). Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Also online at www.nap.edu.
National Institute of Mental Health. (2002). Methods and welfare considerations in behavioral research with animals: Report of a National Institutes of Health Workshop. (NIH Publication No. 02-5083). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

13. Appendix: At the end of paper

13. Reviewer Suggestions
Kindly provide three potential reviewers who have the relevant expertise to review the manuscript during the submission process. The referees may not be approached by the editors. Kindly furnish comprehensive contact details including physical address, website, telephone number, and email address. Kindly provide recommendations for potential reviewers in the cover letter when submitting your manuscript.  The suggested referees must not have any ongoing collaborations with the co-authors and should not have co-published any works with them in the past three years. It is recommended that the suggested reviewers are affiliated with institutions other than those of the authors. It is recommended that potential reviewers for the journal be selected from the pool of appropriate Editorial Board members. It is recommended that reviewers be selected from among the authors frequently cited in the paper.